The Island of Bali is situated 3.2 km east of Java, and it’s about 8 degrees south of the equator. The Balinese Canal separates Java and Bali. East to the west, the island is about 153 kilometers about 112 km north to south, it is land area consists of 5, sup2 & 632 km. Bali’s central hills incorporate several peaks over 3,000 meters in altitude. The highest is Mount Agung, known as the mountain of the mother, which can be an active volcano. Mountains differ from center to the eastern side, with Mount Agung as the easternmost peak.
Bali’s volcanic personality has contributed to its exceptional fertility, and its high mountain ranges provide the high rain that confirms a highly productive agricultural sector. South of the hills is a vast, continuously decreasing area, where lots of Bali rice crop are grown. The north side of the mountain slopes more steeply to the sea and will be the central coffee producing on the island, together with rice, vegetarianism, and cattle. The longest river, the Ayung River, flows approximately 75 km. Coral reefs surround the island. Beaches in the south tend to have white sand while those in the west and west have black sand.
Bali does not have significant waterways, even though the Ho River is navigable by a little sampan boat. Dark sand beaches between Pasut and Klatingdukuh are being developed for tourism, but apart from the seaside temple of Tanah Lot, they are not still used for important tourism. The largest city is the provincial capital, Denpasar, near the southern coast. Its population is about 491,500 people. Bali’s second most important city is the former colonial capital, Singaraja, that’s located on the north coast and is home to around 100,000 people. Other notable towns include a seaside resort, Kuta, that’s almost part of Denpasar’s metropolitan area, and Ubud, based in the north of Denpasar, is the island’s cultural center.
Three small islands lie at the immediate southeast, and all are administratively part of the Klungkung regency of Bali: Nusa Penida, Nusa Lembongan, and Nusa Ceningan. These islands were separated from Bali by the Badung Strait. To the east, the Lombok Strait divides Bali from Lombok and marks the biogeographical division between the forests of the Indomalayanecozone and the different forests of Australasia. The transition is known as the Wallace Line, named after Alfred Russel Wallace, who proposed a transition zone between the two of those critical biomes. When sea levels dropped through the Pleistocene ice age, Bali was connected on Java and Sumatra and into the mainland of Asia and shared the Asian forests, but, the deep waters of Lombok Strait continued to keep Lombok and the small Sundsky archipelago isolated.
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